| OPTIMUM CULTURING AND TESTING CONDITIONS FOR ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICITY TEST WITH SIMOCEPHALUS MIXTUS |
| Chan-Won Lee1†, Hong-Pyo Jeon2, and Jin-Young Pae2 |
1Civil and Environmental Engineering, Kyungnam University
2Graduate student, Civil and Environmental Engineering, Kyungnam University 449 Wulyoungdong Masan, Kyungnam, Korea |
Corresponding Author:
Chan-Won Lee ,Tel: +82-55-249-2988, Fax: +82-55-249-2994, Email: water@kyungnam.ac.kr
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Received: March 18, 2004; Accepted: June 14, 2004. |
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| ABSTRACT |
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A water flea, Simocephalus mixtus, was collected from a wetland and evaluated the effects of laboratory culturing method and toxicity test procedure on the survival and reproduction as an environmental toxicity test organism. Temperature, feed concentration, test chamber size, water hardness, toxicity sensitivity and other factors were evaluated to determine their effects on individual culturing success and toxicity test result. Neonate reproduction and sensitivity of toxicity test were influenced by temperature during four-weeks culturing, and at 24 and 48 hrs toxicity test. Reproduction rate and toxicity sensitivity of Simocephalus mixtus at 25°C were higher than at 20°C. A wide range of media hardness (reconstituted hard water as 80 - 180 mg CaCCVL) was acceptable for culturing Simocephalus mixtus for use in toxicity tests. This is one of great advantages as a test organism, because daphnids are generally very sensitive to media hardness. Two unicellular green algae (Chlorella and Scenedesmus) were tested for an adequate culture as food with different size of beakers. There was no significant difference between two foods. However, the optimum condition of food concentration was found to be 2.5 mg/L/day as TOC in a beaker of 50-mL/individual. Other test parameters like lighting, air supply and culture maintenance followed Standard methods for Daphinia. We found that Simocephalus mixtus could be easily cultured and maintained using the facilities found in the majority of test laboratories. |
| Keywords:
Simocephalus mixtus | toxicity test | culturing | survival | reproduction |
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