| Design Optimization of an Ozone Contactor Using Ozone Contactor Model Software |
| Dooil Kim1, Chaeyoung Lee2, Woohyeun Joe3, and Seockheon Lee4† |
1Environmental Project Management Group, Civil and Environmental Division, POSCO E&C, Goedong-dong, Nam-gu, Pohang-si, Gyeongsangbuk-do 790-704, Korea
2Department of Civil Engineering, The University of Suwon, Hwaseong, Korea
3Seoul Waterworks Research Institute, Seoul, Korea
4Center for Environmental Technology Research, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, Korea |
Corresponding Author:
Seockheon Lee ,Tel: +82-2-958-5829, Fax: +82-2-958-5839, Email: seocklee@kist.re.kr
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Received: July 15, 2009; Accepted: November 16, 2009. |
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| ABSTRACT |
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Designing an ozone contactor is complicated because the residual ozone, log Cryptosporidium. parvum inactivation, and bromate formation should be optimized with fluctuating water quality. Ozone contactor model (OCM) software was developed to assist a plant designer or an operator to fulfill the sophisticated optimization required in the design or operation of a new or an existing plant. In this article, numerical simulations were carried out using the OCM software for the design of a new ozone contactor under diverse design factors (i.e., three pHs, three temperatures, low and high dispersion numbers, and four and ten cells with complete mixing) with kinetic parameters obtained from the sand-filter effluent of a water treatment plant treating water from the Paldang impoundment. The results of the simulation suggested that a high residual ozone concentration at low pH and low temperature would be challenging, and plug flow reactor-like hydrodynamics could lower the residual ozone concentration. The inactivation of C. parvum oocysts increased at a lower pH. A lower dispersion number and more cell division increased the inactivation efficiency. Bromate was instantaneously formed during the initial ozonation stage. The effluent concentration was much lower than the regulatory levels imposed by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency because of the low bromide level in raw water. |
| Keywords:
Ozone contactor design | Residual ozone | Bromate | Cryptosporidium parvum oocyst | Numerical simulation |
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